In a move underscoring the enduring but delicate relationship between Taiwan and the Holy See, President Lai Ching-te (賴清德) has appointed former Vice President Chen Chien-jen (陳建仁) as Taiwan’s special envoy to the Vatican for the inauguration of Pope Leo XIV. The ceremonial mass will take place in St. Peter’s Square this Sunday, following the election of the first-ever American pope, who succeeds Pope Francis after his passing on April 21.
This appointment not only continues Taiwan’s tradition of high-level participation in papal events but also reflects the geopolitical importance of the Holy See as Taiwan’s last diplomatic ally in Europe.
Original Insight & Contextual Commentary
While the news may seem ceremonial, this move is far more strategic in nature. Taiwan is currently under growing diplomatic isolation due to China’s aggressive poaching of its allies, making its relationship with the Vatican symbolically and politically crucial.
President Lai’s decision to send Chen Chien-jen, rather than attending in person, likely balances two key priorities:
- Maintaining protocol and presence at a major global religious event.
- Avoiding political overexposure during his early days in office amidst domestic policy pressures and regional tensions.
Chen, a devout Catholic, is uniquely positioned for this role. His academic and religious credentials—Pontifical Academy of Sciences member and knighted by the Vatican—enable him to serve as a bridge between Taiwanese values and the spiritual leadership of the Catholic Church.
Historical Ties Between Taiwan and the Holy See
Taiwan and the Vatican have enjoyed formal diplomatic relations since 1942, making it Taiwan’s longest-standing relationship in Europe. Despite ongoing dialogues between the Vatican and Beijing, including a 2018 agreement on bishop appointments in China (renewed twice), the Holy See has not recognized the PRC diplomatically.
This places Taiwan in a unique, if precarious, position—being the last democratic and religiously free Chinese-speaking state recognized by the Vatican. This status is a soft power asset Taiwan is carefully preserving.
What Pope Leo XIV Means for Taiwan-Vatican Relations
The election of Pope Leo XIV, the first pope from the United States, introduces a new dynamic. The U.S. has strong unofficial ties with Taiwan and growing concern over China’s religious suppression. It remains to be seen whether this background will subtly align the Vatican more with democratic allies like Taiwan, or whether Pope Leo will continue Pope Francis’ cautious balancing act with Beijing.
Chen’s presence at the inauguration signals that Taiwan is ready to renew and reinforce its spiritual and diplomatic partnership, even as global dynamics shift.
Past Presidential Participation in Vatican Events
Taiwanese leaders have consistently been involved in papal milestones:
- Ma Ying-jeou (2013) attended the inauguration of Pope Francis.
- Chen Shui-bian (2005) attended Pope John Paul II’s funeral.
Chen Chien-jen himself attended Pope Francis’ funeral in April, building a continuity that strengthens Taiwan’s visibility and reliability as a global faith ally.
📚 FAQs
Why did Taiwan send a special envoy instead of President Lai attending in person?
President Lai likely aimed to show respect while maintaining domestic and international balance. Sending Chen, with his religious background and global credibility, preserved protocol without over-politicizing the event.
What is the significance of Taiwan’s diplomatic relationship with the Vatican?
The Holy See is Taiwan’s only European diplomatic ally. Maintaining this relationship helps Taiwan secure international legitimacy and counters Beijing’s diplomatic isolation campaign.
Who is Pope Leo XIV and why is his election significant for Taiwan?
Pope Leo XIV, the first American pope, may signal stronger values alignment with democratic states. His approach to China’s religious freedom could influence future Vatican-Taiwan dynamics.
What role does Chen Chien-jen play in this diplomatic visit?
As a former VP, scientist, and devout Catholic, Chen is uniquely suited to represent Taiwan’s faith-driven diplomacy and maintain high-level dialogue with the Vatican.
Has Taiwan traditionally attended major Vatican events?
Yes. Taiwan’s presidents and vice presidents have attended papal inaugurations and funerals since at least 2005, showing long-standing bilateral respect and presence.
